Sinus infections, or sinusitis, occur when the tissues lining the sinuses become inflamed. This inflammation can lead to symptoms like facial pain, congestion, toothache and nasal discharge. While sinus infections have several causes, viruses and bacteria are among the most common culprits. Knowing the difference between these two types of infections can help you seek the right treatment and find relief faster.
Viral Sinus Infections: Causes and Treatment
Viruses are microscopic organisms that invade living cells to replicate, often leading to illnesses like colds and the flu. Most sinus infections stem from viruses, meaning they typically clear up within two weeks.
Since antibiotics do not work against viruses, treatment focuses on symptom relief. Decongestants, antihistamines and saline nasal rinses can help reduce congestion and ease discomfort while your body fights off the infection. Getting plenty of rest and staying hydrated also supports recovery.
Bacterial Sinus Infections: How They Differ
Unlike viruses, bacteria are living, single-celled organisms. Some bacteria support your health, while others can cause infections. A bacterial sinus infection tends to last longer than a viral one, often persisting beyond 10 days.
If your sinus infection is bacterial, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics to eliminate the infection and prevent its spread.
Preventing Recurrent Sinus Infections
If you experience frequent or prolonged sinus infections, an underlying issue like nasal polyps, structural abnormalities or severe allergies could be to blame. In these cases, an ENT specialist may recommend a few treatments for long-term relief:
- Allergy management. Managing allergies through medication, immunotherapy or allergen avoidance can minimize sinus inflammation. Start with allergen avoidance. For example, people with pollen allergies should avoid lengthy visits to Commons Park during pollen season. If avoidance is ineffective, seek treatment from one of our allergy specialists.
- Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). FESS is a type of sinus surgery that helps your ENT specialist get a better look at the issues causing your sinus infections. They may remove the issue (like nasal polyps or a deviated septum) during the surgery or schedule a follow-up procedure.
- Balloon Sinuplasty. A Balloon Sinuplasty is a simple, in-office procedure that can provide quick relief to long-time sinus infection sufferers. The procedure widens the sinus passages to promote better drainage and reduce the likelihood of recurring sinus infections.
Managing sinus infections starts with understanding their cause. If you’re struggling with recurring sinus issues, contact Ear, Nose & Throat Associates today to schedule a consultation with one of our specialists.